While walking through this region we made a surprising observation: where farmers had until recently grown pines in wood lots meant for paper and pulp production, they are now planting eucalyptus trees. They explained that these exotics would mature in 25 years while pines required 50.
Importing eucalyptus was evidently controversial. The Australian native species can be a hazard waiting to ignite as Californians have discovered.
In Spain we saw signs of vocal opposition to imports:... eucalyptus trees can exacerbate deadly fires. Their sap is flammable, and so is their bark, which flies off when burned, igniting new fires up to 100 yards away.
These trees may be more a part of the problem than part of a solution to rural areas' economic stagnation.
Eucalyptus was touted as a replacement for sugar cane. If you drive along the Hamakua Coast you'll see great stands of eucalyptus trees, but also macadamia nut trees. Mostly, the land is still in sugar, gone wild, and houses are going up because the views are spectacular.
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